Some tubes from my collection
(The photos are NOT at the same scale.)

Experimental
phototube ?
Usage unknown

Röntgen Tube (X-rays - beginning of the 20th century)

Triode MT9L

Bayard-Alpert Vacuum Gauge (hot cathode ionization gauge)

Storage tube, used in Russian radars

1000 W High pressure sodium lamp (public area lighting)

8020 High voltage rectifier (40 kV)

TELTRON didactic tube (allows investigations on the behavior of cathode rays in both electric and magnetic fields)

Powerful Xenon flash lamp (4000 W)

Triode VT127, used in American radars during WW II

Large
Incandescent lamp Philips 10000W (theater, projection)
It contains loose tungsten powder within the envelope. From time
to time,
the operator would remove the bulb and shake it, allowing the
tungsten powder
to scrub off most of the tungsten that had condensed on the
interior
of the envelope, removing the blackening and brightening the lamp
again.

Big Russian tetrode GMI-2B (modulators - forced air cooling - 900W)